What is the purpose of transformer oil?

Transformers operate by transferring electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction, and during this process, they can generate significant amounts of heat. The primary purpose of transformer oil is to act as a cooling medium to dissipate this heat. By absorbing and carrying away heat generated due to losses in the windings and core, transformer oil helps to maintain optimal operating temperatures, thereby ensuring efficient performance and longevity of the transformer.

Additionally, transformer oil serves as an insulating medium between the internal components of the transformer, further ensuring the safe operation of the equipment by preventing electrical discharges. While insulation and thermal conductivity are important properties, the core function of transformer oil within a transformer is distinctly focused on managing heat, which directly supports the operational integrity of the device.